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Treaty Documents
The Shoshone are one of the earliest peoples to inhabit North America as far west
as the Pacific Coast , the northern Rocky Mountains, as far east as the Great Plains,
and south to Oklahoma . The Eastern Shoshone made their home in this region known
as Wind River and their territories included the Green River country, Warm Valley
(Wind River) and the Yellowstone region. They often formed alliances and friendship
with tribes throughout the West. The 1868 Fort Bridger Treaty set the boundaries
for the Wind River Indian Reservation.
The Eastern Shoshones of the Wind River Reservation in Wyoming have a long legal
history in terms of the tribe’s relationship to the federal government. The treaties
and agreements listed on this site are some of the most important documents in Shoshone
history and clearly establish the tribe as a sovereign entity. The first treaty
of Fort Bridger, in 1863, created this legal status in terms of United States law,
while the second, in 1868, clarified the terms. But in 1878, the federal government
violated Shoshone sovereignty when officials placed the Northern Arapahos on the
Wind River Reservation without compensating the Shoshones under the terms of the
1868 treaty. In two subsequent land cession agreements, in 1896 and again in 1904,
the government illegally included the Arapahos in the negotiations. Finally, in
1937, the Supreme Court ruled that the federal government owed compensation to the
Shoshones for the lands occupied by the Arapahos and thus re-established the sovereignty
of the Eastern Shoshones.
Below is a list of treaty documents that are available for download. These documents
are in Adboe PDF format
and required Adobe Acrobat Reader.
If you do not have Adobe Actrobat
Reader, please click on the logo below to get it.
Front Row: Dick Washakie, Washakie, Tigee.
Back Row: Per-na-go-shia, Pan-zook, So-pa-gant, Mat-ta-vish
July 3, 1868 15 Stat., 673. Ratified Feb 26, 1869. Proclaimed Feb. 24, 1869.
Articles of treaty made and concluded at Fort Bridger, Utah Territory, on the third
day of July, In the year of our Lord one thousand eight hundred and sixty-eight,
by and between the undersigned commissioners on the part of the United States, and
the undersigned chiefs and head-men of and representing the Shoshone (eastern band)
and Bannock Tribes of Indians, they being duly authorized to act in the premises.
The Treaty with the Eastern Shoshone and Bannock, 1868 was signed by:
N.G. Taylor, Lieutenant-General
W.T. Sherman, Lieutenant-General
Wm. S. Harney, Brevet Major-General, U.S. Army., Commissioner
John B. Snaborn, Brever Major-General, U.S. Army, Commissioner
S.F. Tappan, Brevet Major-General, U.S. Army Commissioner
C.C. Augur, Brevet Major-General, U.S. Army, Commissioner
Alfred H. Terry, Brigadier-General and Brevet Major-General, U.S. Army
Attest:
A.S.H. White, Secretary
Shoshones:
Wash-a-kie
Wau-ny-pitz
Toop-se-po-wot
Nar-kok
Taboonsbe-ya
Bazeel
Pan-to-she-ga
Ninny Bitse
Bannocks:
Taggee
Tay-to-ba
We-rat-ze-won-a-gen
Coo-sha-gan
Pan-sook-a-motse
A-wite-etse
Witnesses:
Henry A. Morrow, Lieutenant-Colonel Thirty-sixth infantry and Brevet Colonel U.S.
Army, commandin Fort Bridger
Luther Manpa, United States Indian Agent
W.A. Carter
J. Van Allen Carter, Interpreter
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